| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2021 | Volume
: 9
| Issue : 2 | Page : 95-102 |
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Antioxidant effects of L-citrulline supplementation in high-fat diet- and dexamethasone-induced Type-2 diabetes mellitus in wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Evelyn Hassan-Danboyi1, Abdulazeez Jimoh1, Abdulwahab Alhassan1, Timothy Danboyi2, Kabir Ahmed Mohammed2, Augustine Banlibo Dubo1, Jamilu Haruna3, Bulus Billy Yakubu3
1 Department of Human Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
2 Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
3 Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Timothy Danboyi
Department of Human Physiology, Kaduna State University, Kaduna
Nigeria
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/njecp.njecp_4_21
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Background: Oxidative stress is one of the major mechanisms underlying the onset and development of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although L-citrulline possesses antioxidant effect, little or no data exist linking such effects in diabetic setting. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of L-citrulline on biomarkers of oxidative stress in diabetic Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats 10–12 weeks old and weighing 200–250 g were randomly assigned into six groups of five rats each. Group I rats were fed normal diet, while diabetes was induced in the other groups with high-fat diet (HFD) and dexamethasone intraperitoneally (1 mg/kg) for 21 days. Thereafter, Group III received metformin 100 mg/kg/day orally, and Groups IV, V, and VI received 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg/day L-citrulline, respectively, for another 21 days. Data were analyzed using SPSS and values at P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The malondialdehyde concentrations were significantly reversed from 42.0 ± 0.42 μmol/mL in the diabetic group to 20.7 ± 0.81, 22.2 ± 0.75 and 22.1 ± 0.39 μmol/mL at 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg/day, respectively. The L-citrulline remarkably ameliorated the reduction in superoxide dismutase activity noted in the diabetic group (13.0 ± 0.44 μmol/mL) at all doses (17.8 ± 0.37, 16.0 ± 0.51, and 23.7 ± 0.78 μmol/mL at 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg, respectively). Similarly, there was a corresponding significant increase in the catalase activity, especially at 400 mg/kg (13.7 ± 0.43 ng/mL) and 800 mg/kg (14.6 ± 0.54 ng/mL) compared to the diabetic group (10.8 ± 0.41 ng/mL). The marked reduction in reduced glutathione level observed in the diabetic group (22.9 ± 0.69 mg/mL) was markedly ameliorated by L-citrulline supplementation at all doses (42.9 ± 1.08, 46.4 ± 0.53, and 45.2 ± 1.00 mg/mL at 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg, respectively). Conclusion: This study shows that L-citrulline supplementation has antioxidant effects in HFD- and dexamethasone-induced T2DM in male Wistar rats.
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