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Prevalence of dental caries and pattern of sugar consumption among junior secondary school students in Northcentral Nigeria
Hassani Ayodele Kalejaiye1, Moshood Folorunsho Adeyemi2, Abdulwarith Akinshipo3, Amidu Omotayo Sulaiman4, Ramat Oyebunmi Braimah5, Adebayo Aremu Ibikunle5, Abdulrazaq Olanrewaju Taiwo6
1 Department of Oral Surgery, Dental Clinic, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
2 Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
3 Department of Oral Biology and Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Science, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
4 Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan/University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
5 Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria
6 Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Sokoto, Nigeria
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Ramat Oyebunmi Braimah
Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Usmanu Danfodio University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Sokoto State
Nigeria
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/njecp.njecp_19_16
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Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of dental caries among 12-year-old JSS pupils in the local government and the correlation with refined carbohydrate consumption pattern. Patients and Methods: A dental survey (The World Health Organization [WHO] “pathfinder” survey) was conducted utilizing five private junior secondary schools (JSS) and ten public JSS with pupils of JSS 1–3. These schools were chosen by a simple random sampling from the five geographical areas of the local government. All participants had dental examination for oral hygiene and dental caries experience using the decayed (D), missing (M), filled (F), and treated (T) teeth (DMFT) codes, respectively. Results: A total number of 394 JSS pupils were examined in Ilorin West Local Government Area of Kwara State. A low caries prevalent level of 34% (DMFT ≥1) was observed. The mean DMFT for the study population was 0.69 (+1.2). This is better than the WHO. maximum of 3DMFT by the age of 12 years. The mean DMFT for male pupils was 0.66 (+1.2) and for female 0.72 (+1.2) (P = 0.592). This observed difference was not statistically significant. However, the mean DMFT for public schools was 0.80 (+1.3) and for private schools, it was 0.36 (+0.83) (P = 0.00104). This observed difference was statistically significant. There appears to be no statistically significant association between DMFT and frequency of consumption of confectionaries generally. Conclusion: There is a higher caries level among students in public secondary schools compared to those in private secondary schools in the local government.
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